Translating the basic knowledge of mitochondrial functions to metabolic therapy: role of L carnitine Translational Research Nutritional and Hormonal Regulation of Citrate and Carnitine Acylcarnitine Transporters: Two Mitochondrial Carriers Involved in Fatty Acid Metabolism Activation and Transportation of Fatty Acids to the Mitochondria via the Carnitine Shuttle with Animation Animations PharmaXChange.info Short Note On Carnitine Shuttle: Fatty acids are oxidized in mitochondria, and synthesized in the cytoplasm. Long chain fatty acids must form an active intermediate, fatty acyl CoA, before being oxidized inside mitochondria. Catherine Item Long chain fatty acid activation, entry into mitochondria and metabolism via fatty acid oxidation. Public Library of Science Figshare